向日葵

Floral Encyclopedia

向日葵

Sunflower

Helianthus annuus

科属

菊科

向日葵属

原产地

北美洲

株高

100–300 cm

光照需求

☀️全日照

露地花卉切花品种

🌿 简介

向日葵以其阳光般明亮的黄色和追光习性(幼苗期随太阳转动)深受人们喜爱,是夏天最具活力的花卉之一。向日葵不仅是重要的观赏花卉,其种子(葵花籽)和提取的食用油均有重要的经济价值,全球大面积种植。

🌱 养护指南

💧

浇水

生长旺盛期需水量大,每天浇水,开花后可适当减少,忌积水

🪴

土壤

疏松肥沃的沙质壤土,耐贫瘠,pH 6.0–7.5,排水须良好

🌾

施肥

幼苗期施氮肥,花蕾期增施磷钾肥,可促进花朵硕大饱满

花语与文化

向日葵象征对光明的追求、忠诚与热情。梵高著名的《向日葵》系列画作赋予了它极高的艺术地位。在民间文化中,向日葵代表着积极向上的生活态度和对美好事物的执着追求。

葵花朵朵向阳开,不与群芳争奇艳。

——现代民谣

分类信息

菊科 Asteraceae
向日葵属 Helianthus
原产地北美洲,16世纪传入欧洲与中国
株高100–300 cm

Wikipedia

The common sunflower is a species of large annual forb of the daisy family Asteraceae. The common sunflower is harvested for its edible oily seeds, which are often eaten as a snack food. They are also used in the production of cooking oil, as food for livestock, as bird food, and as plantings in domestic gardens for aesthetics. Wild plants are known for their multiple flower heads, whereas the domestic sunflower often possesses a single large flower head atop an unbranched stem.

花期日历